Crushing-machine.



PATENTED Anzo, 1907.

l2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 M. G. BmmBLL.. GRUSHING MAGHINB. APPALIOATION FILEDHAY 4.1908.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MORTON G. BUNNELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTERN WHEELEDSCRAPER COMPANY, OF AURORA, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION.

CRUSHING-MACHINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 20, 1907.

Application iled May 4, 1908. Serial No. 155,689.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MoRToN G. BUNNELL, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, have inventeda certain new and useful Improvement in Crushing-Machines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This application is subordinate'to my, prior patent, Number 839,103,issued December 25, 1906.

My invention relates to crushing machines of that type in which a pitmanand a swinging yoke are coin-4 bined for giving a bodily forward andback and oscillatory movement to a movable jaw arranged in opposition toa stationary jaw.

Generally stated, the object of my invention is to provide a simple andhighly efcient crushing machine of the foregoing character.

A special object is to obtain a more eicient and more powerful toggleaction on the part of the pitman, yoke and movable jaw.

It is also an obj ect to simplify and reduce the number of parts.

To the foregoing and other useful ends my invention consists in mattershereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a vertical longitudinal sectionof a crushing machine embodying the principles of my invention, thesection being taken on line l*l in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan of thecrushing machine shown in Fig. l. Figs. 3 and 4 are diagrammatic viewsillustrating different positions of the jaw and pitman.

The very simple, compact and highly efficient crushing machine thusillustrated may comprise a suitable bed or body frame A, having astationary jaw a at one end, and having shaft bearings a at the otherend. The movable jaw B is arranged to oppose the said stationary jaw andcan be supported by the bearing bar a2 through the medium of a rollingfulcrum C. The vertically reciprocating pitman D is preferably actuatedby an eccentric cam E mounted upon the shaft which revolves in thebearings a. A swinging yoke F has its forward end swingingly connectedwith the frame at a point adjacent to the stationary jaw. The rear endor cross-bar f of this yoke is preferably journaled on the upper end ofthe pitman.

A simple and effective arrangement for connecting the jaw, pitman, andyoke together consists in providing a toggle-arm b of the jaw with stubsbf and in clamping or compressing the upper end of the pitman betweenthe cylindric bar f and the rear end of the toggle arm by means of acouple of clipsG. Thus the forward end of the yoke is tied to the frame,the rear end of the yoke is tied to the pitman, and the rear end of thetoggle arm is also tied to the pitman. And the means for tying the jawand pitman together serves also as the means for tying the pitman andyoke together. y

The construction and organization is such that the toggle-joint II,during the operation of the machine,

rises and falls and first breaks joint below the center and v then abovethe center.

Prior to my invention, no crushing machine has ever been constructed orproposed with a toggle joint of this character which crosses a linedrawn from the center of the bar f to any point on the crushing face ofthe movable jaw. But with my improved construction this toggle jointswings across a line drawn preferably from the center of the bar f to apoint at about the center of the crushing face of the movable jaw. Thisgives a much more eflicient and powerful toggle action. As illustrated,the forward and rear ends of the yoke and the toggle or knuckle jointare brought into line with each other at every half turn of theecentric, as shown in Fig. `3. In this figure the pitman and the rearend ofthe yoke are shown at the extreme downward limit of their stroke`in full lines, and at the extreme upper limit of their stroke in'dottedlines. In Fig. 4 the toggle joint is shown below the' center in fulllines and above the center in dotted lines. Thus it will be seen thatthe joint H has a true toggle action when descending, as well as whenrising, and that consequently the jaw will advance twice to eachcomplete turn or rotation of the eccentric-cam. In other words, for eachcomplete turn or rotation of the driving shaft there are two slightbodily forward thrusts on the part ofthe jaw. And this slight bodilymovement, which in practice is perhaps not more than anywhere from asixteenth to a quarter or even half inch, is accompanied -by anoscillatory movement of the jaw. This oscillatory movement in practicemay be anywhere from threequarters to an inch or inch and one-half. Theextent of movement may however be varied according to requirements andthe character of the material to be crushed.

When the toggle joint H is starting upward from its lowest position, thepitman is acting as a lever with the load between the power and thefulcrum, as far as the center and upper portion of the crushing ormovable jaw are concerned. But when the toggle-joint starts downwardfrom its highest position, the pitman then acts as a lever having itsfulcrum between the power and the load, as far as the center and lowerportions of the movable jaw are concerned. In other words, thearrangement of the toggle joint is such that the pitman servesalternately as a lever of the first order and then of the second order.This, so far as I am aware, is broadly new, as no crushing machineinvolving these elements, particularly the arm rigid with the movablejaw, has ever been constructed with the toggle tween the pitman and yoketo any point on the crushing face of the movable jaw.

The toggle joint can break joint above and below the thrust centerline-that is, a straight line drawn from the axis ot the yoke to thecrosspiece f. The movable jaw, of course, has a combined oscillatory andbodily forward and back movement.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A crushing machine, comprising a stationary jaw, a movable jawarranged to oppose said stationary jaw, a pitman actuated at its lowerend by an eccentric device, a swinging yoke having one end connectedwith the stationary jaw and the other end connected with the upper endof said pitman, and a toggle joint connection between the movable jawand the upper end of said pitman, said connection consisting of an armrigid with the movable jaw but pivotally engaging the pitman, and thetoggle joint being adapted to break joint both above and below thecenter during the up and down movements of said pitmanl 2. A jaw-Crushercomprising a bed or body, a hopper formed in part by a movable jaw, asupporting roll inter-I posed between the bed or frame and the body ofthe said jaw, a pitman for actuating said jaw and connected with thelatter by a toggle joint practically or substantially on a level withthe top of the jaw, and thereby above or subA stantially above the linesof resistance, and a swinging yoke having one end tied to the pitman andthe other end tied to said bed or frame, said yoke thereby adapted tosustain both tensile and end-wise compressive strains during theoperation of the crusher, and the roll, yoke and pitman combining togivevthe jaw a combined oscillating and bodily forward-and-backmovement, the said roll constituting an anti-friction supporting bearingupon and about which the movable jaw is tilted or oscillated by the saidpitman, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted tobreak-joint both above and below the thrust center line while themachine is running.

3. A crushing machine comprising a movable jaw, a verticallyreciprocating pitman adapted and arranged for. actuating said jaw inboth directions, said jaw having a rigid toggle arm swingingly connectedat its end with said pitman, a swinging yoke having one end tied to saidpitman and the other end tied to the crusher frame or body, so as toprovide the pitman with a fulcrum at both forward and back strokes ofthe jaw, adjustable bearings for taking up wear between the pitman andthe jaw and yoke, so as to prevent lost motion, and means for actuatingsaid pitman, thc side portions of the yoke thereby adapted to sustainboth tensile and end-wise compressive strains during the operation ofthe crushing machine, and the means for maintaining the connectionbetween the pitman and the said arm being applied to the pitman at apoint above the said means for actuating the latter, the point ofengagement between the said arm and pitman constituting an axis aboutwhich the movable jaw and the pitman have a relative swinging motion,the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to breakjointboth above and below the thrust center line while the machine isrunning.

4. A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, astationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, arolling fulcrum upon which said movable jaw rests, a verticallyreciprocating pitman actuated at its lower end by an eccentric, a togglearm rigid with said movable jaw and journaled in the pitman at a pointsubstantially on a level with the upper edge of the face of said jaw,and a swinging yoke connecting the upper end ot' the pitman with theforward end of said bed or body structure, the toggle joint between thejaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below thethrust center line while the machine isv running.

-5. A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, astationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, avertically reciprocating pitman actuated at its lower end by aneccentric device, a single bearing for said movable jaw consisting of arolling fulcrum interposed between the bottom of the jaw and a portionof said bed or body structure, a toggle arm rigid with said movable jawand engaging the pitman at a point substantially on a level with theupper edge of the face of said jaw, clips extending through the pitmanand binding the toggle arm and pitman together, a swinging yokeconnecting the upper end of the pitman with the forward portion of saidbed or body structure, and clips extending through the pitman andbinding said yoke and pitman together, the toggle joint between the jawand pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrustcenter line while the machine is running.

6. A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, astationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, asingle bearing for said movable jaw consisting of a roll interposed'between the bottom of the jaw and a portion of said bed or body struc-.tur-e, a vertically reciprocating pitman actuated by an eccentricdevice, a swinging yoke having one end tied to the upper end of saidpitman and the other end tied to the forward portion of said frame orbody structure, and a toggle arm rigid with said movable jaw andconnected with the pitman at a point substantially on a level with theupper edge of the face of the jaw, the toggle joint between the jaw andpitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrustcenter line while the machine is running.

7. A crushing machine comprising relatively moving cooperating crushingmembers, one of said members being in the nature of a lever, meansincluding a toggle and pitman for producing the relative movementbetween the said members, a suitable support, and a rolling fulcruminterposed between the horizontal opposing flat surfaces on the saidsupport and the bottom of said lever-like member, said fulcrum beingadapted to roll upon and along both of said flat surfaces, whereby thesaid lever-like member has an axis or fulcrum point which shiftsrelatively to the lever-like member, and which shifts relatively to saidsupport, and whereby said rolling fulcrum has an anti-frictional contactor engagement with the lower as well as the upper of said opposingsurfaces, the toggle joint between the member and pitman being adaptedto break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while themachine is running.

8. A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, astationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, asingle bearing for said movable jaw consisting of a rolling fulcruminterposed between the bottom of the jaw and a portion of said bed orbody structure, a vertically reciprocating 'pitman actuated at its lowerend by an eccentric, and a toggle arm rigid with said jaw and pivotallyconnected with said pitman at a point substantially on a level with theupper edge of the face of the said jaw, whereby the pitman and togglearm cooperate to prevent the movable jaw from rising from its bearing,the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-jointboth above and below the thrust center line while the machine isrunning.

E). A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, astationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, asingle supporting bearing for said movable jaw consisting of a cylindricrolling fulcrum interposed between the bottom of the jaw and said bed orbody structure, a vertically reciprocating pitman actuated at its lowerend by an eccentric, and a toggle arm rigid with said movable jaw andpivotally connected with the upper portion ofl said pitman, the togglejoint between the jaw and pitman being adapted lto break-joint bothabove and below the thrust center line while the ma chine is running.

10. A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, astationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, asingle supporting bearing or fulcrum upon which said movable jaw rests,said jaw lever-like crushing member, and the toggle arm being pivotallyconnected with the pitman at a point between the upper and lower ends ofthe latter, and at a point sub stantially on a level with theupper edgeof therface of said jaw, whereby the pitman and toggle arm coperate tomaintain the jaw in place upon said fulcrum during the crushingoperation, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted tobreak-joint both above and below the thrust center line while themachine is running.

l1. In a crushing machine, the combination of a suit able body frame, ajaw rigid with said body frame, a movable jaw opposed to said stationaryjaw and provided with a rigid rearwardly extending toggle arm, avertically reciprocating pitman actuated at its lower end by aneccentric device, said pitman being provided between its upper and lowerends with a bearing adapted to engage the rear end ot' said toggle arm,means for tying the movable jaw and pitman together, said means having apivotal connection with the toggle arm and extending through andengaging the back of the pitman above the eccentric device, and aswinging yoke having one end tied to the upper end of said pitman andthe other end tied to the body frame, the toggle joint between the jawand pitman being adapted to brealcjoint both above and below the thrustcenter line while the machine is running.

l2. A crushing machine comprising a stationary jaw and a movable jaw, atoggle arm rigid with said movable jaw, a vertically reciprocatingpitman actuated by an eccentric device, said pitman having between itsupper and lower ends a point of connection with the rear end of saidtoggle arm, means for tying the movable jaw and pitman together and fortaking up wear between the pitman and the toggle arm, said means havinga pivotal connection with the toggle arm and extending through andengaging the back of the pitman above the said eccentric device, aswinging yoke having one end tied to said pitman and the other end tiedto the stationary jaw, and suitable devices for taking up wear at eachend of said yoke, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman beingadapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line whilethe machine is running.

13. A crushing machine comprising a body-frame, a vertically disposedpitman, a stationary crushing jaw, a movable jaw supported for bodilymovement toward and away from the stationary jaw and provided with arigid arm pivotally engaging said pitman, an eccentric device foractuating the lower end of said pitman, a swinging yoke having one endtied to the body frame and the other end tied to the upper portion ofsaid pitman, and means extending through the pitman above the eccentricdevice to bind the movable jaw and pitman together, whereby the movablejaw swings about its point of pivotal connection with the pitman and ismoved bodily in both directions by the middle or intermediate portion ofa pitman fulcrumed at its upper end, the toggle joint between the jawand pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below thethrustcenter line while the machine is running.

14. A crushing machine comprising a body frame, a stationary crushingjaw, a movable crushing jaw supported for bodily movement toward andaway from the stationary jaw and provided with a rigid toggle arm, a

Ypitman fulcrumed at its upper end and actuated at its lower end by aneccentric device, and means extending through and engaging the back ofsaid pitman above the eccentric device to keep the end of said arm inpivotal engagement with the face of the pitman, whereby the movable jawswings relatively to said pitman and is actuated in all of thedirections of its motion by the portion of the pitman having pivotalconnection with the end of said arm, the toggle joint between the jawand pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrustcenter line while the machine is running.

l5. A crushing machine comprising a body-frame, a stationary jaw, amovable crushing jaw provided with a rigid toggle arm, a pitman actuatedat its lower end, means extending through and engaging the back of saidpitman between its upper and lower` ends, and above the means foractuating the pitman, to keep the end of said arm in pivotal engagementwith the face of the pitman, a swinging yoke having one end tied to thebody frame, and U-bolts for tying the other end of the yoke to the upperend of the pitman, said bolts extending through the upper portion of thepitman, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted tobreak-joint both above and below the thrust center line while themachine is running. l 1G. A crushing machine comprising a body frame, astationary crushing jaw, a movable crushing jaw provided with a rigidtoggle arm, a swinging yoke, a pitman fulcrumed at its upper portionupon said yoke and actuated at its lower end, and U-bolts for keepingthe end of said arm in pivotal engagement with the pitman, said boltsextending horizontally through the pitman above the point at which thelatter is actuated, and said yoke having its opposite ends tiedrespectively to the body trame and the upper end of the pitman, wherebythe said movable crushing jaw is actuated in all of the directions ofits motion by that portion of the pitman which is tied by said [l'Abolts to the end of said arm, the toggle joint between the jaw andpitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrustcenter line while the machine is running.

17. A crushing machine comprising a' movable crushing jaw tied to andhaving a direct pivotal or toggle joint conneclion with, and actuatedbodily in opposite directions by, a pitman fulcrumed above and actuatedat a point below the fulcrurn point, the jaw thus actuated being adaptedto swing relatively to the pitman during the operation of the machine,said pivotal connection or axis about which the jaw and pitman have arelative swinging motion being above the point at which the pitman isactuated, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted tobreak-joint both above and below the thrust center line while themachine is running.

1S, A crushing machine comprising a movable jaw having a direct pivotalor toggle joint engagement with, and actuated in all of the directionsof its motion by, a pitman fulcrumed at or near its upper end andactuated at its lower end, the jaw thus actuated being adapted to swingrelatively to the pitman during the operation of the machine, saidpivotal engagement or axis about which the jaw and pitman have arelative swinging motion being abovethe point at which the pitman isactuated, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted tobreakjoint both above and below the thrust center line while the machineis running.

1D. A crushing machine comprising a suitable body frame, a jaw rigidwith said body frame, a movable jaw opposed to said stationary jaw andprovided with a rigid rearwardly extending toggle arm, a verticallyreciprocating pitman actuated at its lower end by an eccentric device,said pitman being provided between its upper and lower ends with abearing adapted to engage the rear end of said toggle arm, means fortying the movable jaw and pitman together, said means having a pivotalconnection with the movable crushing-jaw and extending through andengaging the back of the pitman above the eccentric dcvice, and aswinging yoke having one end tied to the upper end of said pitman andthe other end tied to the body frame, the toggle joint between the jawand pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrustcenter line while the machine is running.

2OA A crushing machine comprising a movable-jaw provided with a rigidrearwardly extending toggle arm, a vertically reciprocating pitman, asuitably mounted swinging yoke having one end tied to the upper end ofsaid pitman, an eccentric actuating the lower end ot' said pitman, thesaid pitman being thereby subject to the end-wisc compressivc` strainimposed upon it by the weight of said yoke, the upper portion of thepitman having a pivotal engagement or connection with the rear end ofsaid toggle arm, and means for tying the movable jaw and pitmantogether, said means being removably secured to the portion of thepitman above the eccentric device, whereby the said movable jaw swingsrelatively to the pitman and is actuated in all of the directions of itsmotion by that portion of the pitman above the said eccentric device,the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-jointboth above and below the thrust center line while the machine isrunning.

2l. A crushing machine comprising a movable jaw provided with a rigidrearwardly extending toggle arm, the rear end of said arm being suitablyrounded, a vertically reciprocating pitrnan tulcrumed at its upper endand actuated at its lower end by an eccentric device, said pitinan beingprovided with a bearing or seat adapted to engage the rounded rear endportion of said toggle arm, and means secured to said pitman above theeccentric device to keep the end of said toggle arm in engagement withsaid bearing on the pitman, whereby the said jaw swings rela.- tively tothe pitman and is actuated in all of the directions of its motion bythat portion of the pitman above the said eccentric device, the togglejoint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both aboveand below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

22. A crushing machine comprising a suitably supported movable jawprovided with a rigid toggle arm, a swinging yoke, a pitman having itsupper end fulcrumed upon the swinging end portion of said yoke, aneccentric device actuating the lower end of said pitman, and means fortying the jaw and pitman together, theend of said arm being held inpivotal engagement or connection with the pitman at a pointsubstantially on a level with the top of the crushing face of said jaw,whereby, in the main, the crushing action does not tend to lift the jaw,and whereby the said jaw swings relatively to the pitman and is actuatedin all of the directions of its motion by that portion of the pitmanabove the said eccentric device, the toggle joinl between the jaw andpitman being adapted to breakjoint both above and below the thrustcenter line while the machine is running.

23. A crushing machine comprising a suitably supported movable jawprovided with a rigid toggle arm, a pitman actuated at its lower end byan eccentric device, and a swinging yoke upon which the upper end 0f thepitman is fulcrumcd, the end of said arm having a pivotal engagement orconnection with the pitman at a point nearer the latter's upper end thanits lower end, and at a point sub stantially on a level with the top ofthe crushing face of said jaw, whereby the said jaw is substantiallyfree from any tendency to rise or swing upwardly about its'axis or pointof pivotal connection with the pitman during the operation of themachine, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted tobreak-joint both above and below the thrust center line while themachine is running.

24. In a crushing machine, the combination of crushing means including apair of jaws, and operating means for producing relative movementbetween said jaws, said operating means including a pitman, an eccentricfor actuating the lower end of said pitman, means including a swingingtoggle arm for directly tying and connecting the upper portion of thepitman to one jaw, a swinging yoke for tying the upper portion ofthe-pitman to the other jaw, the said pitman being adapted to tiltrelatively to both of said jaws, and that portion of the pitman abovethe said eccentric constituting a power-transmitting connection throughwhich all power necessary for producing said relative movement, in allof its directions, is communicated from the eccentric to the crushingmeans, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to`break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while themachine is running.

25. In a Crusher, a body frame, a pitman, a movable jaw provided with anarm, a swinging yoke tied to the bodyframe, and common means for tyingboth the arm and yoke to the pitman.

2G. In a crnsher, a pitman, a movable jaw provided with an arm, aswinging yoke, and U-bolts extending transversely of the pitman and eachserving to tie the pitman to the arm and yoke.

Signed by me at Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, this 9th day of April,1903.

MORTON G. BUNNELL.

Witnesses WM. A. Hiinonns, CHARLES W. HICKOK.

